Application of Agro-Wastes in Geopolymer Concrete Production. (Periwinkle Shell Ash (PSA) as Case Study)

Abstract

The adverse effect of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) manufacture on the environment due to CO2 emissions has forced a larger need for a more environmentally friendly binder for concrete production, such as a geopolymer binder. Geopolymer binder is made up of by-products containing alumina and silica, as well as hydroxide and silicate solutions. Periwinkle shell ash (PSA) was utilized to manufacture geopolymer concrete in this investigation. The alkaline liquid was made up of a mixture of NaOH and Na2SiO2. The purpose of this experimental investigation is to determine the suitability of PSA in manufacturing geopolymer concrete, which covers various properties of source materials, workability, compressive strength tests, and water absorption qualities of geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete cubes of 100mm size were made and oven dried at 90oC for 24 hours before curing at ambient temperature for 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. It was revealed that, workability of the concrete increased as PSA content increased from 0 -100% (i.e. 102 – 119mm respectively). Also, increased duration of curing increased the concrete's compressive strength, however the strength decreased when the percentage of PSA increased. Water absorption increased as PSA levels rose in the mixture